Disclaimer: This content is created for educational and awareness purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
What is Eczema?
Eczema, medically known as dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itching, redness, dryness, and skin barrier dysfunction. It is not contagious and often develops due to a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors.
Types of Eczema
- Atopic Dermatitis: Most common type, often begins in childhood.
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: Affects oily areas like scalp, face, and chest.
- Pompholyx (Dyshidrotic Eczema): Small itchy blisters on hands and feet.
- Contact Dermatitis: Triggered by irritants or allergens.
- Scrotal Eczema: Chronic itching and irritation in the genital area.
Why Does Eczema Occur?
Eczema develops when the skin’s protective barrier becomes weak, allowing irritants, allergens, and microbes to penetrate. Immune system overreaction further worsens inflammation.
Common Triggers
- Harsh soaps and detergents
- Dry or cold weather
- Stress and anxiety
- Dust, pollen, and allergens
- Skin infections
Symptoms of Eczema
- Persistent itching
- Dry, cracked skin
- Red or inflamed patches
- Thickened skin due to scratching
- Oozing or crusting in severe cases
Eczema vs Fungal Infection
Eczema is an inflammatory condition, while fungal infections are caused by microorganisms. Misusing antifungal or steroid creams without diagnosis may worsen symptoms.
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- Role of Nutrition in Chronic Diseases
- Impact of Inflammation on Overall Health
Diagnosis of Eczema
Diagnosis is usually clinical and based on medical history and physical examination. In uncertain cases, doctors may perform patch testing or rule out fungal infections.
Safe Management & Skin Care
- Regular use of fragrance-free moisturizers
- Avoid known triggers
- Short, lukewarm showers
- Stress management techniques
- Wearing soft, breathable clothing
Important Note on Steroid Creams
Topical steroids such as betamethasone may be prescribed for short-term use in specific cases under medical supervision. Prolonged or unsupervised use can thin the skin and worsen eczema.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a dermatologist if symptoms are severe, recurrent, infected, or not improving with basic skin care.