Hematuria means the presence of blood in urine. It may be visible to the naked eye or detected only during laboratory examination. Hematuria is not a disease itself but a clinical sign that indicates an underlying urinary tract or kidney condition.
What Is Hematuria?
Hematuria occurs when red blood cells leak into urine due to abnormalities in the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, or urethra. It may be painless or associated with pain, burning, or fever depending on the cause.
Types of Hematuria
- Gross Hematuria – Blood is visible and urine appears red, pink, or cola-colored
- Microscopic Hematuria – Blood detected only on urine microscopy
Symptoms of Hematuria
- Red or brown-colored urine
- Burning sensation during urination
- Lower abdominal or flank pain
- Frequent urination
- Fever or chills (infection-related)
- Blood clots in urine (severe cases)
Causes of Hematuria
- Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- Kidney stones
- Prostate enlargement or prostatitis
- Glomerulonephritis
- Kidney or bladder tumors
- Trauma or injury to urinary tract
- Strenuous physical exercise
- Blood-thinning medications
Diagnosis and Medical Tests
- Urine routine examination and microscopy
- Urine culture
- Blood tests for kidney function
- Ultrasound of kidneys and bladder
- CT scan or IVP (if required)
- Cystoscopy in selected patients
Treatment Options
- Antibiotics for urinary tract infections
- Hydration and pain control for kidney stones
- Medications for prostate-related conditions
- Immunosuppressive therapy for glomerular diseases
- Surgical or oncological treatment for tumors
Medical Note: Treatment depends on the underlying cause and should always be guided by a qualified healthcare professional.
When to See a Doctor
- Visible blood in urine
- Recurrent hematuria episodes
- Hematuria with pain or fever
- Hematuria in children or elderly patients
- History of smoking or urinary tract cancer
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1. Is hematuria dangerous?
Hematuria itself is not a disease, but it may indicate serious underlying medical conditions that require evaluation.
Q2. Can hematuria resolve on its own?
Some temporary cases may resolve, but visible or recurrent hematuria should never be ignored.
Q3. Can dehydration cause blood in urine?
Severe dehydration or intense exercise may cause temporary hematuria, but persistent cases need medical investigation.
Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice.