Nail Diseases – Types, Symptoms, Treatment (Hindi + English Guide)

Nail Diseases - Complete Guide | नाखून रोग - सम्पूर्ण मार्गदर्शिका

Nail Diseases - Complete Guide | नाखून रोग - सम्पूर्ण मार्गदर्शिका

By Your Blog Name |Mmahfoozmedicalhealth

Introduction परिचय

Nail diseases (नाखून रोग) are conditions that affect the health, appearance, and function of the fingernails and toenails. नाखून रोग वे स्थितियां हैं जो नाखूनों के स्वास्थ्य, रूप और कार्य को प्रभावित करती हैं। They can be caused by infections, injuries, nutritional deficiencies, or underlying health disorders.

Importance of Nail Health | नाखून स्वास्थ्य का महत्व

Healthy nails are an indicator of good overall health. स्वस्थ नाखून अच्छे संपूर्ण स्वास्थ्य के संकेतक हैं। Any change in the color, shape, or texture of the nails may indicate a medical condition.

Flowchart | रोग की पहचान का फ्लोचार्ट

Healthy Nail
Change in Color/Shape
Identify Symptoms
Diagnosis by Doctor
Treatment & Care

Causes of Nail Diseases | नाखून रोग के कारण

  • Fungal infections (फंगल संक्रमण)
  • Bacterial infections (बैक्टीरियल संक्रमण)
  • Nutritional deficiencies (पोषण की कमी)
  • Skin conditions like Psoriasis (सोरायसिस)
  • Injuries and trauma (चोट और आघात)
  • Chronic diseases like diabetes (डायबिटीज़ जैसी बीमारियां)

Types of Nail Diseases | नाखून रोग के प्रकार

Type (English) नाम (हिंदी) Cause
Onychomycosis नाखून का फंगल संक्रमण Fungal infection
Paronychia नाखून के आसपास का संक्रमण Bacterial infection
Beau's lines नाखून पर रेखाएं Nutritional deficiency / illness
Koilonychia चम्मच जैसे नाखून Iron deficiency anemia

Symptoms of Nail Diseases | नाखून रोग के लक्षण

  • Discoloration (रंग बदलना) – Yellow, brown, white, or black nails
  • Thickening (मोटापन) – Nails become abnormally thick
  • Brittleness (भंगुरता) – Nails easily break or crumble
  • Pain or tenderness (दर्द या संवेदनशीलता)
  • Swelling and redness around nails (सूजन और लालिमा)

Diagnosis & Pathology Tests | जांच और पैथोलॉजी टेस्ट

नाखून रोग की सही पहचान के लिए डॉक्टर कई तरह के टेस्ट करते हैं:

Test Name (English) नाम (हिंदी) Purpose
Microscopy सूक्ष्मदर्शी परीक्षण To detect fungal or bacterial presence
Fungal Culture फंगल कल्चर To identify type of fungus
Nail Biopsy नाखून की बायोप्सी To confirm chronic diseases or cancer
Blood Test रक्त परीक्षण To check nutritional deficiencies

Flowchart – Diagnosis Process | जांच की प्रक्रिया

Patient Visit
Visual Examination
Lab Tests
Diagnosis Report
Treatment Plan

Treatment of Nail Diseases | नाखून रोग का इलाज

इलाज रोग के कारण पर निर्भर करता है। डॉक्टर सही पहचान के बाद उचित दवाएं और देखभाल की सलाह देते हैं।

1. Antibiotics & Antifungal Medicines

Medicine Name Use Adult Dose Pediatric Dose
Terbinafine Fungal nail infections 250 mg once daily for 6-12 weeks Not recommended under 12 years
Itraconazole Severe fungal infections 200 mg twice daily for 1 week/month, repeat for 3-4 months 5 mg/kg/day in divided doses
Amoxicillin Bacterial infections (Paronychia) 500 mg every 8 hours for 7-10 days 40 mg/kg/day in divided doses
Clarithromycin Alternative for penicillin allergy 250-500 mg every 12 hours for 7 days 7.5 mg/kg every 12 hours

2. Supportive Medicines & Care

  • Topical antifungal creams
  • Antiseptic soaks (Betadine)
  • Pain relievers like Ibuprofen
  • Vitamin supplements (Biotin, Vitamin E)

3. Recommended Diet | अनुशंसित आहार

  • High-protein foods – Eggs, fish, lean meat
  • Iron-rich foods – Spinach, beetroot, legumes
  • Vitamin C – Citrus fruits, guava
  • Zinc – Nuts, seeds, whole grains

4. Foods to Avoid | जिनसे बचें

  • Sugary foods (encourage fungal growth)
  • Excessive alcohol
  • Processed junk food

Flowchart – Treatment Plan | इलाज की प्रक्रिया

Diagnosis
Cause Identification
Select Medicine
Follow Dose Schedule
Regular Monitoring

Prevention of Nail Diseases | नाखून रोग की रोकथाम

  • Keep nails clean and dry
  • Avoid sharing nail cutters or files
  • Wear breathable footwear
  • Trim nails regularly
  • Use gloves while working with chemicals

Home Remedies | घरेलू उपचार

  • Soak nails in warm salt water
  • Apply tea tree oil on infected area
  • Massage with coconut oil for nourishment
  • Use apple cider vinegar soak for fungal infection

Flowchart – Prevention Steps | रोकथाम के कदम

Good Hygiene
Proper Footwear
Balanced Diet
Regular Checkups

Conclusion | निष्कर्ष

Nail diseases may seem minor, but they can indicate underlying health issues. Consult a qualified doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. Self-medication without medical advice should be avoided. Maintaining hygiene, eating a balanced diet, and following doctor’s instructions can prevent most nail problems.

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